NASDAQ
NASDAQ, established in 1971, is a stock market focused on U.S. emerging companies and stands alongside the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) as one of the world’s most renowned representative stock markets. Among NASDAQ’s indices, the "NASDAQ 100 Index" is particularly well-known, alongside other globally recognized indices like the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the S&P 500.
This article will introduce the significance and overview of NASDAQ while explaining its differences with the Dow Jones Industrial Average, S&P 500, and NYSE.
What is NASDAQ?
NASDAQ, operated by the National Association of Securities Dealers, is one of the leading stock markets in the U.S. It is an acronym for National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations, hence the name NASDAQ.
The companies listed on NASDAQ are predominantly high-tech firms and IT-related emerging companies, making it the world’s largest stock market for emerging enterprises.
Differences Between NASDAQ and NYSE
The U.S. has several stock markets, with NASDAQ and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) being the most representative.
| Market Name | Description |
|---|---|
| NASDAQ | Primarily lists high-tech and internet-related emerging companies like Microsoft and Apple. |
| NYSE | The world’s largest stock exchange by market capitalization, with a long history and reportedly strict listing standards. It features established blue-chip companies like Coca-Cola and Goldman Sachs. |
🔗 The Three Major U.S. Stock Exchanges: NYSE, NASDAQ, and AMEX (NYSE MKT)
What Are NASDAQ Indices?
NASDAQ has two main indices:
1： NASDAQ 100 Index 2：NASDAQ Composite Index
1. What is the NASDAQ 100 Index?
The NASDAQ 100 Index is calculated by selecting the top 100 stocks by market capitalization from companies listed on the NASDAQ market, using a market-cap-weighted average methodology. It excludes stocks from the financial sector.
2. What is the NASDAQ Composite Index?
The NASDAQ Composite Index is calculated using all stocks listed on the NASDAQ market (approximately 7,000 stocks), also based on a market-cap-weighted average methodology.
Summary of Differences Between NASDAQ 100 Index and NASDAQ Composite Index
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| NASDAQ | As mentioned above, it refers to the stock market itself. |
| NASDAQ 100 Index | The result of indexing the approximately 100 highest market-cap stocks listed on the NASDAQ market. |
| NASDAQ Composite Index | The result of indexing all approximately 7,000 stocks listed on the NASDAQ market. |
Major Stocks Comprising the NASDAQ 100 Index
The NASDAQ 100 Index includes many high-tech companies, led by global IT leaders known as GAFAM.
| Rank | Ticker | Company Name |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | NVDA | NVIDIA Corp |
| 2 | AAPL | Apple Inc |
| 3 | MSFT | Microsoft Corp |
| 4 | AMZN | Amazon.com Inc |
| 5 | META | Meta Platforms Inc Class A |
| 6 | TSLA | Tesla Inc |
| 7 | GOOGL | Alphabet Class A |
| 8 | AVGO | Broadcom Inc |
| 9 | GOOG | Alphabet Class C |
| 10 | COST | Costco Wholesale |
Alphabet is Google’s parent company, with Class A shares having voting rights and Class C shares having none. Additionally, Meta Platforms Inc (Meta) was formerly known as Facebook.
How Do NASDAQ Indices Differ from Dow Jones and S&P 500?
In addition to the NASDAQ Composite Index, the U.S. has other prominent indices, including the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the S&P 500.
What is the Dow Jones?
The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) is the oldest U.S. stock index. It is calculated as an average of the stock prices of 30 representative companies listed on both NASDAQ and NYSE, including major names like McDonald’s and Microsoft.
What is the S&P 500?
The S&P 500, or Standard & Poor’s 500 Index, is calculated by selecting 500 representative stocks listed on NYSE and NASDAQ, adjusted for float and weighted by market capitalization. Its components are chosen based on market cap, float ratio, and other criteria, representing the strongest current companies. With 500 stocks, it is less susceptible to the impact of individual stocks.
What is the NASDAQ 100 Index?
The NASDAQ 100 Index is calculated by selecting the top 100 stocks by market capitalization from over 7,000 stocks listed on NASDAQ, using a market-cap-weighted average. Compared to the NASDAQ Composite Index, it provides a more focused view of trends in high-tech and internet-related sectors.
Summary of Differences Between NASDAQ Indices and Other Major U.S. Indices
| Index Name | Calculation Method | Number of Components | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dow Jones (DJIA) | Price Average | 30 stocks | The oldest U.S. stock index, with historical significance. |
| S&P 500 | Weighted Average | Approximately 500 stocks | Best suited for gauging the overall U.S. stock market trend. |
| NASDAQ 100 Index | Weighted Average | 100 stocks | Focuses on the top 100 non-financial companies by market cap on NASDAQ, ideal for tracking trends in high-tech, internet, and biotech sectors. |
| NASDAQ Composite Index | Weighted Average | Approximately 7,000 stocks | Encompasses all companies listed on NASDAQ, best for a comprehensive view of high-tech, internet, and emerging industry trends. |
Ways to Invest in the NASDAQ 100 Index
The primary methods to invest in the NASDAQ 100 Index include Contracts for Difference (CFDs), mutual funds, and Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs). Below is a comparison of these three methods:
| CFD | Mutual Funds | ETF | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trading Method | Buy / Sell | Buy Only | Buy / Sell (※) |
| Leverage | Up to 10x or more | None | Approximately 2x |
| Fees | None | Yes | Yes |
| Settlement Period | None | None | None |
| Trading Timing | Instant Trading | Several Hours Delay | Instant Trading |
| Trading Hours | Nearly 24 hours | Typically closes at 3 PM | 9 AM to 3 PM |
※ Selling is possible if using margin trading.
Advantages of Trading the NASDAQ 100 Index via CFDs
1. Leverage Trading for Efficient Use of Small Capital
CFDs allow leverage trading, enabling small amounts of capital to trade efficiently. At Titan FX, you can use leverage up to 500x for trading CFDs in precious metals, energy, stock indices, and more, making your capital utilization highly flexible and effective.
2. Nearly 24-Hour Trading Availability
CFDs, depending on the underlying asset, allow trading nearly 24 hours a day.
3. Hedging Strategy for Mutual Funds and ETFs
You can use CFDs to hedge risks associated with mutual funds or ETFs.
For example, if you hold a NASDAQ 100 Index mutual fund or ETF with unrealized gains, you can open a short position in the CFD market to hedge. This way, even if the market declines, you can mitigate losses effectively.
4. Trade at the Current Visible Price
CFDs enable instant trading, allowing you to buy or sell at the price you see in real-time.
Disadvantages of Trading the NASDAQ 100 Index via CFDs
1. Potential Financing Costs
CFDs involve overnight financing costs (swap fees). Overnight Interest may apply if you hold a position beyond the trading day, potentially reducing profits if held long-term.
2. Spread Costs
CFDs incur spreads, the difference between the bid and ask price, which occur with every trade. The more trades you make, the higher the cumulative cost.
3. Forced Liquidation When Margin Maintenance Falls Below a Certain Level
In CFD trading, if your account’s margin maintenance level drops below a threshold, a stop-loss (forced liquidation) will be triggered. This mechanism prevents excessive losses and protects investors’ interests.
NASDAQ 100 Index Constituents
(As of January 2025)
| Ticker | Company Name |
|---|---|
| MSFT | Microsoft Corp |
| AAPL | Apple Inc |
| NVDA | NVIDIA Corp |
| AMZN | Amazon.com Inc |
| GOOG | Alphabet Class C |
| GOOGL | Alphabet Class A |
| META | Meta Platforms Inc |
| AVGO | Broadcom Inc |
| TSLA | Tesla Inc |
| ASML | ASML Holding NV |
| COST | Costco Wholesale Corp |
| AMD | Advanced Micro Devices Inc |
| NFLX | Netflix Inc |
| PEP | PepsiCo Inc. |
| LIN | Linde PLC |
| ADBE | Adobe Inc. |
| AZN | AstraZeneca PLC |
| CSCO | Cisco Systems Inc |
| QCOM | Qualcomm Inc |
| TMUS | T-Mobile US Inc |
| INTU | Intuit Inc |
| AMAT | Applied Materials Inc |
| INTC | Intel Corp |
| CMCSA | Comcast Corp |
| PDD | PDD Holdings Inc |
| TXN | Texas Instruments Inc |
| AMGN | Amgen Inc |
| ISRG | Intuitive Surgical Inc |
| MU | Micron Technology Inc |
| HON | Honeywell International Inc |
| LRCX | Lam Research Corp |
| BKNG | Booking Holdings Inc |
| VRTX | Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc |
| ABNB | Airbnb Inc |
| REGN | Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc |
| ADP | Automatic Data Processing Inc |
| SBUX | Starbucks Corp |
| ADI | Analog Devices Inc |
| KLAC | KLA Corp |
| MDLZ | Mondelez International Inc |
| SNPS | Synopsys Inc |
| PANW | Palo Alto Networks Inc |
| GILD | Gilead Sciences Inc |
| CDNS | Cadence Design Systems Inc |
| CRWD | CrowdStrike Holdings Inc |
| MELI | MercadoLibre Inc |
| MAR | Marriott International Inc |
| CSX | CSX Corp |
| WDAY | Workday Inc |
| PYPL | PayPal Holdings Inc |
| CTAS | Cintas Corp |
| ORLY | O’Reilly Automotive Inc |
| PCAR | Paccar Inc |
| MRVL | Marvell Technology Inc |
| NXPI | NXP Semiconductors NV |
| CEG | Constellation Energy Corp |
| MNST | Monster Beverage Corp |
| ROP | Roper Technologies Inc |
| DASH | DoorDash Inc |
| CPRT | Copart Inc |
| FTNT | Fortinet Inc |
| DXCM | Dexcom Inc |
| ADSK | Autodesk Inc |
| TEAM | Atlassian Corp |
| ODFL | Old Dominion Freight Line Inc |
| MCHP | Microchip Technology Inc |
| ROST | Ross Stores Inc |
| KHC | Kraft Heinz Co |
| AEP | American Electric Power Company Inc |
| PAYX | Paychex Inc |
| FAST | Fastenal Co |
| IDXX | IDEXX Laboratories Inc |
| LULU | Lululemon Athletica Inc |
| CHTR | Charter Communications Inc |
| KDP | Keurig Dr Pepper Inc |
| TTD | Trade Desk Inc |
| DDOG | Datadog Inc |
| GEHC | GE Healthcare Technologies Inc |
| AXON | Axon Enterprise, Inc. |
| CSGP | CoStar Group Inc |
| EXC | Exelon Corp |
| CTSH | Cognizant Technology Solutions Corp |
| EA | Electronic Arts |
| BKR | Baker Hughes Co |
| CDW | CDW Corp |
| VRSK | Verisk Analytics Inc |
| CCEP | Coca-Cola Europacific Partners PLC |
| ANSS | ANSYS Inc |
| XEL | Xcel Energy Inc |
| BIIB | Biogen Inc |
| ON | ON Semiconductor Corp |
| GFS | GlobalFoundries Inc |
| ZS | Zscaler Inc |
| MDB | MongoDB Inc |
| TTWO | Take-Two Interactive Software, Inc. |
| PLTR | Palantir Technologies Inc. |
| WBD | Warner Bros Discovery Inc |
| APP | Applovin Corp CLA CM |
| ARM | Arm Holdings PLC ADS |
| FANG | Diamondback Energy |
| MSTR | Microstrategy Incorporation |
Summary
NASDAQ, as one of the most representative stock markets in the U.S., has been a hub for high-tech and emerging companies since its founding in 1971. It contrasts sharply with the NYSE, which boasts the world’s largest market capitalization and a long history.
NASDAQ’s key indices, such as the NASDAQ 100 Index, focus on the top 100 non-financial companies by market cap, while the NASDAQ Composite Index covers approximately 7,000 stocks, offering a comprehensive view of emerging industry trends.
In comparison, the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) provides stability with its 30 blue-chip stocks, and the S&P 500 represents the broader U.S. market with 500 stocks.
Investment options for the NASDAQ 100 include CFDs, mutual funds, and ETFs, with CFDs standing out for their high leverage and flexibility, though they come with challenges like overnight financing costs and spread fees.
Whether tracking the growth of high-tech firms or diversifying risk, understanding the differences between these markets and indices can help investors develop more precise strategies.
